Declarative specification of visualization queries, display formats and bindings

ABSTRACT

The technology disclosed relates to a platform for ultra-fast, ad-hoc data exploration and faceted navigation on integrated, heterogeneous data sets. The disclosed method of declarative specification of visualization queries, display formats and bindings represents queries, widgets and bindings combined on a dashboard in real time, with flexible display options for analyzing data and conveying analysis results.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is one of several U.S. Nonprovisional patent applications filed contemporaneously. The related applications are ROW-LEVEL SECURITY INTEGRATION OF ANALYTICAL DATA STORE WITH CLOUD ARCHITECTURE (14/512230), LOW LATENCY ARCHITECTURE WITH DIRECTORY SERVICE FOR INTEGRATION OF TRANSACTIONAL DATA SYSTEM WITH ANALYTICAL DATA STRUCTURES (14/512240), INTEGRATION USER FOR ANALYTICAL ACCESS TO READ ONLY DATA STORES GENERATED FROM TRANSACTIONAL SYSTEMS (14/512249), VISUAL DATA ANALYSIS WITH ANIMATED INFORMATION MORPHING REPLAY (14/512258), DASHBOARD BUILDER WITH LIVE DATA UPDATING WITHOUT EXITING AN EDIT MODE (14/512267) and OFFLOADING SEARCH PROCESSING AGAINST ANALYTIC DATA STORES (14/512274). The related applications are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes.

BACKGROUND

The subject matter discussed in the background section should not be assumed to be prior art merely as a result of its mention in the background section. Similarly, a problem mentioned in the background section or associated with the subject matter of the background section should not be assumed to have been previously recognized in the prior art. The subject matter in the background section merely represents different approaches, which in and of themselves may also correspond to implementations of the claimed inventions.

Businesses need the ability to query and to view query results in real time, for large data sets being analyzed, in order to make informed business decisions. The disclosed technology relates to a platform for ultra-fast, ad-hoc data exploration and faceted navigation on integrated, heterogeneous data sets.

Existing systems do not typically provide business analytics “live” for large volumes of data. The disclosed apparatus and methods for visual data analysis with animated informational morphing replay provide live data rendering on a live dashboard, with flexible display options for analyzing data and conveying analysis results. Other aspects and advantages of the technology disclosed can be seen on review of the drawings, the detailed description and the claims, which follow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The included drawings are for illustrative purposes and serve only to provide examples of possible structures and process operations for one or more implementations of this disclosure. These drawings in no way limit any changes in form and detail that may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. A more complete understanding of the subject matter may be derived by referring to the detailed description and claims when considered in conjunction with the following figures, wherein like reference numbers refer to similar elements throughout the figures.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example business information and analytics architecture environment.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram for a live dashboard implementation.

FIG. 3 shows an example pie chart visualization of opportunity by fiscal year.

FIG. 4 shows an example pie chart visualization of opportunity by region by fiscal year, as an animation sequence begins.

FIG. 5A through FIG. 5L show an animation progression for pie chart visualization of count of opportunities by region and fiscal year, morphing from a bar chart lens to a visualization option of a pie chart for each of three regions.

FIG. 6A through FIG. 6N show an animation sequence for a count of opportunities by region and fiscal year, morphing from a bar chart lens to a visualization option with a pie chart for each of three regions.

FIG. 7A shows an example dashboard with four display panels.

FIG. 7B shows an example dashboard with five display panels.

FIG. 7C shows an example dashboard with a specific region selected on one of the five display panels.

FIG. 7D through FIG. 7M shows an animation sequence for dashboard with a specific region segment selected on one of the five display panels.

FIG. 8 shows an overview of the flow for implementing animated informational morphing replay for live data rendering on a live dashboard, with flexible display options.

FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of one implementation of visual data analysis with animated informational morphing replay.

FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of one method of representing queries, widgets, bindings and facets combined in panels on a dashboard.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a method of one implementation of a dashboard builder with live data updating without exiting an edit mode.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an example computer system capable of visual data analysis with animated informational morphing replay.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Introduction

The following detailed description is made with reference to the figures. Sample implementations are described to illustrate the technology disclosed, not to limit its scope, which is defined by the claims. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize a variety of equivalent variations on the description that follows.

Insight data analysis supports data exploration, dashboard building, and declarative representation of data visualizations. During exploration and replayed exploration, changes in data filtering, grouping and presentation format are animated, showing how a change redistributes data values. Singularly and in combination, these features can contribute to successful data analysis and presentation.

During single panel data exploration and replay, new data visualizations are animated as they are designed. Drilling down on a data segment, for instance, causes the original data segment to subdivide according to the selected regrouping and visually progress through animated subdivision growth and rearrangement into a more granular data visualization. This helps the analyst understand the data, and subsequently, explain important data segments to colleagues who are interested in the process as well as the numbers.

Analysts can assemble dashboards of three or more panels that provide alternative visualizations of linked data. As an analyst creates a new panel, the system immediately applies the declared queries, widgets and bindings to the EdgeMart(s) involved to generate a data visualization. Notional or generic representations of pie and bar charts are replaced when applying this technology by live data visualizations, without requiring a user to switch from authoring/editing mode into an execution or user mode. (In this disclosure, “pie” and “donut” are used interchangeably to refer to a circular chart with wedges or segments. We recognize that many readers would call the charts in the figures donuts instead of pies.)

An assembled dashboard can be compactly represented by declarative data objects that fully describe panels by their properties. A widget that implements a panel is capable of translating the declarative data object into a data visualization. A selected widget, such as a pie chart widget, has a handful of properties that control how the widget binds to a query and displays data.

Exploration, both original and replay, benefits from animated visualization. Consider drill down and regrouping as a first example. Consider regional win rates on sales proposals worldwide. If Asia Pacific has the best success, an analyst can drill down into the Asia Pacific data several different ways to see what drives success. The analyst looks at a pie chart, for instance, and selects the Asia Pacific segment, choosing to group the data by industry type, with a bar chart visualization. The system responds by subdividing the Asia Pacific arc by industry type and animating the projection of sub-arcs into the bars of a bar chart. The sub-arcs lengthen, straighten and reposition during the animation. The analyst can see in the animation how the industry type bar chart visualization is derived from the regional data. The animation speed can be delivered more slowly or quickly, as suits the circumstances.

In a second example that extends the first, a trio of automotive supply-related bars on the chart show particularly successful results, so the analyst wants to find someone with whom to talk. The analyst selects the automotive supplier bar, grouping by sales representative, and chooses a stacked bar chart, accumulating sales in related industry segments. To do this, the analyst lassos, rubber bands or control-selects the three industry segments. Pull down menus are used to select grouping and visualization types. As soon as selections are complete, derivation of the regrouped visualization is animated. Each of the three bars is subdivided by sales representative. Parts of the bars extend and move to positions in a stacked bar chart. Animation of the segment to bar chart derivations can be staggered, so that the base of the stacked bar is constructed first, then subsequent layers. From the resulting visualization, two names stick out and the analyst knows who to contact. On replay, the analyst can reuse the queries that led to the contacts and retain or change the visualization types. This progression can produce a dashboard.

The regional pie chart, industry type bar chart, and sales representative stacked bar chart can be combined as three linked panels in a dashboard. Immediate data presentation, without shifting out of a develop-edit mode, enhances the development process. Suppose that the analyst first places the regional pie chart onto a fresh dashboard and selects the Asia Pacific segment. When the analyst creates a linked-industry type bar chart, the selection of the Asia Pacific segment can be specified as the data context by applying a facet property to the linked graphs. The specialized development environment provided by this technology immediately populates the linked-industry-type bar chart with live data from the same analytic data store that provides the pie chart with its data (or from a second data store joined with the first).

If the analyst-developer changes the segment selection in the pie chart to Europe, the industry-type bar chart updates without user action, without the user needing to shift from a develop or edit mode into a display mode. When the analyst creates a third panel with a sales representative stacked bar chart, segments selected in the other dashboard panels can be specified as the source of the data and applied to filter data grouped and illustrated in the new sales representative panel. The analyst benefits from seeing that the story being told is well represented in graphs of actual data, immediately upon adding the new graph panel to the dashboard. Mistakes in panel configuration and size issues with visualization are immediately apparent.

The system generates declarative data objects to represent the visualizations, both for replay of data exploration and for dashboards. Dashboards and exploration sequences can be recreated from declarative objects that represent the queries, visualizations, groupings and bindings explored by an analyst-author. Declarative objects specify properties to be applied and values of the properties. A single panel or a dashboard of panels is represented by a set of declarative objects. Declaration of these objects allows the runtime to create a limited but powerful set of data visualizations during exploration, creation, replay and user dashboard viewing. The vocabulary for declarative data objects is manageable because the declarative objects are special purpose with options capable of specifying queries, bindings and facets that the provided widgets understand and can consume to produce specific data visualizations. Properties of declarative objects can be specified using key-value pairs, as illustrated in the text that follows.

Examples of systems, apparatus, and methods according to the disclosed implementations are described in a “sales opportunity” context. The examples of sales contacts such as leads, prospects and accounts are used solely to add context and aid in the understanding of the disclosed implementations. In other instances, data with numerous elements may include airline flight arrival and departure times, insurance claims, customer service call routing, etc. or any data that would have a significant number of features. Other applications are possible, so the following examples should not be taken as definitive or limiting either in scope, context or setting. It will thus be apparent to one skilled in the art that implementations may be practiced in or outside the “sales opportunity” context.

Architecture Environment

FIG. 1 shows an example analytics architecture environment in which a runtime framework with event bus 135 manages the flow of requests and responses between an Explorer engine 110, a query engine 140, and a live dashboard engine 115. Data acquired (extracted) from large data repositories is used to create “raw” EdgeMart data structures 150—read-only data structures for analytics—that can be augmented, transformed, flattened, etc. before being published as customer-visible EdgeMarts for business entities. A query engine 140 uses optimized data structures and algorithms to operate on these highly-compressed EdgeMarts 150, delivering exploration views of this data. Accordingly, an opportunity arises to analyze large data sets quickly and effectively.

Visualization queries are implemented using a declarative language to encode query steps, widgets and bindings to capture and display query results in the formats selected by a user. An Explorer engine 110 displays real-time query results. When activated by an analyst-developer, Explorer engine 110 runs EQL queries against the data and includes the data in lenses. A lens describes a data visualization: a query plus a chart option for rendering the query. The EQL language is a real-time query language that uses data flow as a means of aligning results. It enables ad hoc analysis of data stored in EdgeMarts. A user can select filters to change query parameters and can choose different display options, such as a bar chart, pie chart or scatter plot—triggering a real-time change to the display panel—based on a live data query using the updated filter options. An EQL script consists of a sequence of statements that are made up of keywords (such as filter, group, and order), identifiers, literals, or special characters. EQL is declarative: you describe what you want to get from your query. Then, the query engine will decide how to efficiently serve it.

A runtime framework with an event bus 135 handles communication between a user application 166, a query engine 140, and an Explorer engine 110, which generates lenses that can be viewed via a morphing engine 125. A disclosed live dashboard builder engine 115 designs dashboards, displaying multiple lenses developed using the Explorer engine 110 as real-time data query results. That is, an analyst can arrange display panels for multiple sets of query results from the Explorer engine 110 on a single dashboard. When a change to a global filter affects any display panel on the dashboard, the remaining display panels on the dashboard get updated to reflect the change. Accurate live query results are produced and displayed across all display panels on the dashboard.

The Explorer engine 110 provides an interface for users to choose filtering, grouping and visual organization options; and displays results of a live query requested by a user of the application 166 running on a user computing device 165. The query engine 140 executes queries on read only pre-packaged data sets—the EdgeMart data structures 150. The Explorer engine 110 produces the visualization lens using the filter controls specified by the user and the query results served by the query engine 140.

Explorer engine 110, query engine 140, and live dashboard builder engine 115 can be of varying types including a workstation, server, computing cluster, blade server, server farm, or any other data processing system or computing device. In some implementations, Explorer engine 110 can be communicably coupled to a user computing device 165 via different network connections, such as the Internet. In some implementations, query engine 140 can be communicably coupled to a user computing device 165 via different network connections, such as a direct network link. In some implementations, live dashboard builder engine 115 can be communicably coupled to user computing device 165 via different network connections, such as the Internet or a direct network link.

The runtime framework with event bus 135 provides real time panel display updates to the live dashboard engine 115, in response to query results served by the query engine 140 in response to requests entered by application users 166. The runtime framework with event bus 135 sets up the connections between the different steps of the workflow. When new nodes get removed or added to the dashboard, connections are recomputed dynamically.

The morphing engine 125 receives a request from the event bus 135, and responds with a first chart or graph to be displayed on the live dashboard 115. Segments of a first chart or graph are filter controls that trigger generation of a second query upon selection by a user. Subsequent query requests trigger controls that allow filtering, regrouping, and selection of a second chart or graph of a different visual organization than the first chart or graph.

The morphing engine 125 includes tweening engine 128 and tweening stepper 138 that work together to generate pixel-level instructions—intermediate frames between two images that give the appearance that the first image evolves smoothly into the second image. That is, a shape can be described by a radius and an angle. The tweening engine 128 calculates the locations for the pixels and the tweening stepper 138 delivers an animation projection sequence for morphing a display panel from a first visualization lens to a second visualization option. The projections between the start and destination frames create the illusion of motion that gets displayed on the dashboard when a user updates data choices.

Runtime framework with event bus 135 can be of varying types including a workstation, server, computing cluster, blade server, server farm, or any other data processing system or computing device; and can be any network or combination of networks of devices that communicate with one another. For example, runtime framework with event bus 135 can be implemented using one or any combination of a LAN (local area network), WAN (wide area network), telephone network (Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), 3G, 4G LTE), wireless network, point-to-point network, star network, token ring network, hub network, WiMAX, Wi-Fi, peer-to-peer connections like Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), Z-Wave, ZigBee, or other appropriate configuration of data networks, including the Internet. In other implementations, other networks can be used such as an intranet, an extranet, a virtual private network (VPN), a non-TCP/IP based network, any LAN or WAN or the like.

The ELT engine 160 uses an extract, load, transform (ELT) process to manipulate data served by backend system servers to populate the EdgeMart data structures 150. EdgeMart data structures 150 can be implemented using a general-purpose distributed memory caching system. In some implementations, data structures can store information from one or more tenants into tables of a common database image to form an on-demand database service (ODDS), which can be implemented in many ways, such as a multi-tenant database system (MTDS). A database image can include one or more database objects. In other implementations, the databases can be relational database management systems (RDBMSs), object oriented database management systems (OODBMSs), distributed file systems (DFS), no-schema database, or any other data storing systems or computing devices.

Various types of on-demand transactional data management systems can be integrated with analytic data stores to provide to data analysts ad hoc access to query the transaction data management systems. This can facilitate rapid building of analytic applications that use numerical values, metrics and measurements to drive business intelligence from transactional data stored in the transaction data management systems and support organizational decision making Transaction data refers to data objects that support operations of an organization and are included in application systems that automate key business processes in different areas such as sales, service, banking, order management, manufacturing, aviation, purchasing, billing, etc. Some examples of transaction data include enterprise data (e.g. order-entry, supply-chain, shipping, invoices), sales data (e.g. accounts, leads, opportunities), aviation data (carriers, bookings, revenue), and the like.

Most often, the integration process includes accumulating transaction data of a different format than what is ultimately needed for analytic operations. The process of acquiring transaction data and converting it into useful, compatible and accurate data can include three, or more, phases such as extract, load and transform. In some implementations, the integration flow can include various integration flow styles. One such style can be Extract-Transform-Load (ETL), where, after extraction from a data source, data can be transformed and then loaded into a data warehouse. In another implementation, an Extract-Load-Transform (ELT) style can be employed, where, after the extraction, data can be first loaded to the data warehouse and then transformation operation can be applied. In yet another implementation, the integration can use an Extract-Transform-Load-Transform (ETLT) style, where, after the extraction, several data optimization techniques (e.g. clustering, normalization, denormalization) can be applied, then the data can be loaded to the data warehouse and then more heavy transformation operations can occur.

Extraction refers to the task of acquiring transaction data from transactional data stores, according to one implementation. This can be as simple as downloading a flat file from a database or a spreadsheet, or as sophisticated as setting up relationships with external systems that then control the transportation of data to the target system. Loading is the phase in which the captured data is deposited into a new data store such as a warehouse or a mart. In some implementations, loading can be accomplished by custom programming commands such as IMPORT in structured query language (SQL) and LOAD in Oracle Utilities. In some implementations, a plurality of application-programming interfaces (APIs) can be used, to interface with a plurality of transactional data sources, along with extraction connectors that load the transaction data into dedicated data stores.

Transformation refers to the stage of applying a series of rules or functions to the extracted or the loaded data, generally so as to convert the extracted or the loaded data to a format that is conducive for deriving analytics. Some examples of transformation include selecting only certain columns to load, translating coded values, encoding free-form values, deriving new calculated values, sorting, joining data from multiple sources, aggregation, de-normalization, transposing or pivoting data, splitting a column into multiple columns and data validation.

In some implementations, ELT workflow generates a so-called precursor EdgeMart by performing lightweight transformations on the transaction data. One example of a light-weight transformation is denormalization transformation. A denormalization transformation reintroduces some number of redundancies that existed prior to normalization of the transaction data, according to one implementation. For instance, a denormalization transformation can remove certain joins between two tables. The resulting so-called precursor EdgeMart has lesser degrees of normal norms relative to the transaction data, and thus is more optimal for analytics operations such as faster retrieval access, multidimensional indexing and caching and automated computation of higher level aggregates of the transaction data.

In other implementations, the loaded data can undergo a plurality of heavy-weight transformations, including joining data from two related EdgeMarts, flattening the transaction role hierarchy to enable role-based security, increasing query performance on specific data and registering an EdgeMart to make it available for queries. Depending on the type of transformation, the data in an existing EdgeMart is updated or a new EdgeMart is generated.

In one implementation of the heavy-weight transformations, an augment transformation joins data from two EdgeMarts to enable queries across both of them. For instance, augmenting a “User EdgeMart” with an “Account EdgeMart” can enable a data analyst to generate query that displays all account details, including the names of the account owner and creator. Augmentation transformation creates a new EdgeMart based on data from two input EdgeMarts. Each input EdgeMart can be identified as the left or right EdgeMart. The new EdgeMart includes all the columns of the left EdgeMart and appends only the specified columns from the right EdgeMart. Augmentation transformation performs a left, outer join, where the new EdgeMart includes all rows from the left EdgeMart and only matched rows from the right EdgeMart. In another implementation, queries can be enabled that span more than two EdgeMarts. This can be achieved by augmenting two EdgeMarts at a time. For example, to augment three EdgeMarts, a first two EdgeMarts can be augmented before augmenting the resulting EdgeMart with a third EdgeMart.

In some implementations, a join condition in the augment transformation can be specified to determine how to match rows in the right EdgeMart to those in the left EdgeMart. The following example illustrates a single-column join condition. To augment the following EdgeMarts based on single-column key, an “Opportunity” is assigned as the left EdgeMart and an “Account” is assigned as the right EdgeMart. Also, “OpptyAcct” is specified as the relationship between them.

Opportunity EdgeMart Account EdgeMart ID *ID Opportunity_Name Account_Name Amount Annual_Revenue Stage Billing_Address Closed_Date *Account_ID

Upon running an ELT workflow job, an “OpptyAcct” prefix is added to all account columns and the EdgeMarts are joined based on a key defined as “Opportunity.Account_ID=Account.ID.” After running the ELT workflow job to augment the two input EdgeMarts, the resulting EdgeMart includes the following columns:

Opportunity-Account EdgeMart ID Opportunity_Name Amount Stage Closed_Date Account_ID OpptyAcct.Account_Name OpptyAcct.Annual_Revenue OpptyAcct.Billing_Address

In other implementations, different heavy-weight transformations can be applied, including flatten transformation to create role-based access on accounts, index transformation to index one dimension column in an EdgeMart, Ngram transformation to generate case-sensitive, full-text index based on data in an EdgeMart, register transformation to register an EdgeMart to make it available for queries and extract transformation to extract data from fields of a data object.

In some implementations, user computing device 165 can be a personal computer, a laptop computer, tablet computer, smartphone or other mobile computing device, personal digital assistant (PDA), digital image capture devices, and the like. Application 166 can take one of a number of forms, running in a browser or as an application, including user interfaces, dashboard interfaces, engagement consoles, and other interfaces, such as mobile interfaces, tablet interfaces, summary interfaces, or wearable interfaces. In some implementations, it can be hosted on a web-based or cloud-based server in an on premise environment. In one implementation, application 166 can be accessed from a browser running on a computing device. The browser can be Chrome, Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari, Opera, and the like. In other implementations, application 166 can run as an engagement console on a computer desktop application.

In other implementations, environment 100 may not have the same elements or components as those listed above and/or may have other/different elements or components instead of, or in addition to, those listed above, such as a web server and template database. The different elements or components can be combined into single software modules and multiple software modules can run on the same hardware.

Morphine and Replay

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram for the live dashboard builder 115, which includes, but is not limited to, a visual data analysis engine 210 and a morphing engine 250. A visual data analysis engine 210 conveys analysis results via a dashboard UI 212, for display on the dashboard. A grouping engine 232 monitors which data fields are to be displayed in a specific visual organization, such as a pie chart or bar chart. A segment selector engine 242 processes filter controls for the charts, graphs and plots. That is, the segment selector engine 242 signals requests for changes to filtering, grouping and variations in visual organization—such as a transformation from a bar chart to a pie chart—to the filter control engine 222. Query requests use the signal received from the segment selector engine 242.

The morphing engine 250 delivers an animated sequence that transforms a display panel from a first grouping to a second appearance, or visual organization, based on results of a second query. A visualization rendering engine 252 combines information from both the visual data analysis engine 210 and the filter control engine 222, and renders dashboard updates to the dashboard UI 212. An animated morphing engine 262 morphs a first chart or graph from a first appearance in a first sort order through an animation sequence to a second sort order that corresponds to the sorting control signal.

Replay engine 118 uses the workflow engine to capture all the events being fired and their timestamp. The replay function later re-fires the same events in the proper order—replaying the events recorded via the workflow engine.

Dashboard Object Implementation

Advanced dashboards are created by directly modifying the source files that define the dashboards. In one implementation, a dashboard JSON file defines the components that a dashboard includes and describes how the components are connected together. The following sample JSON file defines a dashboard that uses a number widget to display the count of rows in an EdgeMart. This JSON file defines one widget, called “number_1”.

{ “name_lc”: “simple example dashboard”, “state”: { “widgets”: { “number_1”: { “params”: { “title”: ““, “textColor”: “#000”, “measureField”: “count”, “fontSize”: 36, “step”: “step_1” }, “type”: “NumberWidget”, “pos”: { “w”: 300, “y”: 40, “h”: “auto”, “x”: 40 } } },

This JSON file also defines one step, called “step_1.

“steps”: { “step_1”: { “isFacet”: true, “start”: null, “query”: { “values”: [ ], “order”: [ ], “pigql”: null, “dimensions”: [ ], “measures”: [ [ “count”, “*” ] ], “aggregateFilters”: [ ], “groups”: [ ], “filters”: [ ], “formula”: null }, “extra”: { “chartType”: “hbar” }, “selectMode”: “single”, “useGlobal”: true, “em”: “0Fb400000004CH2CAM”, “type”: “aggregate”, “isGlobal”: false } }, “cards”: { } }, “_uid”: “0FK400000004CGOGA2”, “_createdBy”: { “_type”: “user”, “profilePhotoUrl”: “https://myorg/profilephoto/005/T”, “name”: “Insights DashEditor”, “_uid”: “00540000000Hew7AAC” }, “folder”: { “_type”: “folder”, “_uid”: “00540000000Hew7AAC” }, “_container”: { “_container”: “0FK400000004CGOGA2”, “_type”: “container” },

The “EdgeMarts” section of the JSON file lists the EdgeMarts that the dashboard uses.

“_type”: “dashboard”, “EdgeMarts”: { “emName”: { “_type”: “EdgeMart”, “_uid”: “0Fb400000004CH2CAM” } }, “_createdDateTime”: 1406060540, “_permissions”: { “modify”: true, “view”: true }, “description”: ““, “_url”: “/insights/internal_api/v1.0/esObject/lens/0FK400000004CGOGA2/json”, “name”: “Simple example dashboard”, “_lastAccessed”: 1406060541, “_files”: { } }

In the code above, the steps section includes all of the queries clipped from the Explorer. In one implementation, each step has a name that is used to link it to a widget that is defined elsewhere in the JSON file. The steps section of a dashboard JSON file can have a plurality of properties. In one implementation, an “em” property refers to the alias of the EdgeMart that the step uses. In another implementation, an “extra” property specifies the extra information about the step. Also, ‘an isFacet” property indicates whether the step is connected to other steps used in the dashboard (true) or not (false). In some implementations, a global filter can filter all other steps in the dashboard that have their “useGlobal” property set to true, and that reference the same EdgeMart. Further, a “query” property refers to the query that the step uses. In some implementations, it can be in EQL or compact form. A “selectmode” property determines the selection interaction for charts and selectors. In one implementation, the different charts can be none, single and single_required. In another implementation, the selectors can be single, single_required or refreshed. In addition, a “start” property identifies the default start value or values for a step. This value can be used when a dashboard is initialized or refreshed, according to one implementation. Further yet, a “type” property designates a type of the step, including at least one of grain, aggregate, multi and static. A “useGlobal” property indicates whether the step uses the dashboard's global filter (true) or not (false).

Referring to the above code again, the code's widgets section defines all the widgets that appear in the dashboard. In one implementation, each widget in the dashboard is assigned a name in the code. The different properties of the widgets section of a dashboard JSON file include at least one of “params,” “pos” and “type.” In one implementation, “params” property identifies the different widget parameters, which vary depending on the type of widget. Further, the step that a widget is attached to is defined by its step element. The “pos” property determines a position of the top left corner of the widget, which is specified by x and y. In addition, each widget's width is specified as w and height as h. In some implementations, widget measurements are made in pixels. Moreover, the “type” property specifies one of the other supported widget types such as NumberWidget, ChartWidget, ValuesTable, CompareTable, PillBox, ListSelector or TextWidget.

The code above also includes a query section of a dashboard JSON file. A “pigql” property of the query section refers to an EQL query. EQL language is a real-time query language that uses data flow as a means of aligning results and allows for ad hoc analysis of data stored in EdgeMarts. Also, a “measures” property specifies quantities that can be measured, for example, sum, amount, unit sales of a product or cost of inventory items. In one implementation, the measures can be specified as “measures”: [[“count”, “*”]]. A “dimensions” property is an attribute, or a set of attributes, by which the measures are divided into sub-categories. In one implementation, the dimensions are specified as “dimensions”: [[“Department”, “*”]]. Moreover, a “values” property is used with a grain step type in a step for a raw data table widget. In one implementation, values lists all of the columns to include in a grain or raw data table. For example:

“step_grain”: { “type”: “grain”, values “em”: “opp”, “query”: { “values”: [“Amount”, “Owner-Name”, “Name”, “Account- Name”, “StageName”, “ForecastCategory”, “Current Age”, “Time to Win”], } }

Further, a “filters” property applies filter conditions to the data. Following is an example of a filter condition to include only rows with destination “SFO”, “LAX”, “ORD”, or “DFW”—“filters”: [[“dest”, [“SFO”, “LAX”, “ORD”, “DFW”}]]. A “groups” property determines how dimensions are grouped. For example, “groups”: [“carrier”]. The following code shows one example of filtering an EdgeMart named “opportunity” based on 2011, 2012 and 2013 closing years:

step_global_filters: type: “aggregate” em: “opp” query: filters: [ [“CloseDate_Year”, [“2013”, “2012”, “2011”]] ] isGlobal: true

In other implementations, other filter widgets can be defined such as representative filter (owner-name), year filter (closedate-year), amount filter (sum), product filter (product), region filter (region), account filter (account-name), stage name filter (closed-won), open opportunities filter (lead, prospect, proposal/quote, contract/negotiations), quarterly bookings filter (closedate-quarter), win loss filter (closed-won, closed-lost), owner by role filter (owner-userrole-name), quotas by roles filter (role, closed year), cogroup filter (owner by role, quotas by role), user role filter (owner, userrole, name) and quotas by userrole filter (closed year, role).

Further yet, an “order” property sets the sort order as “order”: [[−1, {“ascending”: false}]], according to one example. In this example, a −1 value indicates that the ordering is done for the first measure. To order the results in ascending order, the ascending is set to true, in one implementation. In another implementation, to order the results in descending order, the ascending is set to false. In yet another implementation, empty brackets are specifies, like this “order”: [ ], to avoid imposing a specific order. In addition, a “limit” property determines a number of results that are returned. In one example, the limit is set to return ten results by “limit”: 10. A “formula” property is used with a multi type step in a step for a compare table, according to one implementation. In some implementations, a multi type step can include more than one subquery and mathematical operators such as *, /, −, +, (, and) can be used to create a formula to reference other subqueries in the step.

In one implementation, a plurality of selector widgets can be used to stratify the data in the dashboard based on different categories. In one example, a group selector widget lets user indicate whether they want to group by account or product. When a user makes a selection, the dashboard is updated accordingly. In one implementation, the part of the query that controls the filtering is −q=filter q by ‘Account-Name’ in {{selection(step_Account_Owner_Name_2)}}. The step that is named step_Account_Owner_Name_2 is configured as a selection binding so as to pick up the current selection state. Because it is within the double braces, the value of that selection can be substituted and used in the query. The part of the query that controls the grouping is:

q = group q by {{ single_quote(value(selection(step_StageName_3))) }}; q = foreach q generate {{ single_quote(value(selection(step_StageName_3))) }} as {{ value(selection(step_StageName_3)) }}, sum(‘Amount’) as ‘sum_Amount’, count( ) as ‘count’”;

If a user selects Product category in the group selector widget, the actual query that is passed to the query engine includes:

q = group q by ‘Product’; q = foreach q generate ‘Product’ as “Product”, sum(‘Amount’) as ‘sum_Amount’, count( ) as ‘count’;

In other implementations, other selector widgets can be defined such as representative selector (owner-name), year selector (closedate-year), amount selector (sum), product selector (product), region selector (region), account selector (account-name), stage name selector (closed-won), open opportunities selector (lead, prospect, proposal/quote, contract/negotiations), quarterly bookings selector (closedate-quarter), win loss selector (closed-won, closed-lost), owner by role selector (owner-userrole-name), quotas by roles selector (role, closed year), cogroup selector (owner by role, quotas by role), user role selector (owner, userrole, name) and quotas by userrole filter (closed year, role).

In one implementation, the different filters and selectors are represented as different widgets. In some implementations, this is achieved by—specifying a type of the widget such as list selector widget, range selector widget, chart selector widget, pillbox widget, values table widget, number widget and action button widget (explore); setting two-dimension (x, y) or three-dimension (x, y, z) positions and height (h) and width (w) of the widget; specifying if the widget is expandable (true) or not (false); setting a title of the widget (string); identifying the step that uses widget (this links the widget to the respective filter or selector included in the identified step); specifying a select mode of the widget (single, multi-select); and setting a measure of the widget (sum, account). In other implementations, the widget types are further stratified into various geometrical constructs like a vertical bar chart (vbar), a horizontal bar chart, a pie chart, a line chart, time and a scatter plot. The following code shows one example of defining a widget in a dashboard. In this example, a sales representative selector in a step named “step_all_salesreps” is linked to a sel_salesreps widget titled “salesrep selector” and shaped as a pie chart:

# sales representative selector step_all_salesreps: type: “aggregate” em: “opp” query: groups: [“Owner-Name”] measures: [ [“sum”, “Amount”] ] order: [ [−1, ascending: false] ] extra: chartType: “pie” isFacet: true useGlobal: true widgets: sel_salesreps: type: “ChartWidget” pos: x: 310 y: 70 w: 470 h: 380 params: expanded: false title: “salesrep selector” step: “step_all_salesreps” ChartType = “pie” instant: true multiSelect: false measureField: “sum_Amount”

After the steps are defined, they are bound to the widgets using different types of bindings, such as selection binding, results binding and filter binding. When a user makes a selection in a dashboard, that selection values can be used to update other steps and widgets to make the dashboard interactive. Further, when a dashboard is build using the dashboard builder UI, all the dashboard components are faceted. In one implementation, the “isFaceted” property for each step enables bidirectional selection bindings between steps of the same EdgeMart. In some implementations, facet bindings are set up for all the steps marked with “isFaceted”=true as follows:

_initFacets: −> # map: em url −> array of step names faceted for this em facetStepsByEmMap = { } # The faceted steps are grouped together by EdgeMart # All the faceted steps for a given EdgeMart are faceted together for name, step of @_stepsByName delete step.query.facet_filters if step.query if step.isFacet type = step.type @_throwError(LC.getLabel “ErrorMsg”, “invalidStepForFacet”, type, name, JSON.stringify(RuntimeEngine.VALID_FACET_TYPES)) unless type in RuntimeEngine.VALID_FACET_TYPES @_throwError(LC.getLabel “ErrorMsg”, “invalidFacetedStaticStep”, name) if type is “static” and (not step.dim or not step.em) emUrl = @_getEmUrlForStep step facetStepsByEmMap[emUrl] ?= [ ] facetStepsByEmMap[emUrl].push name for emUrl, facetSteps of facetStepsByEmMap for mainStepName in facetSteps mainStep = @_stepsByName[mainStepName]

In some implementations, a dashboard JSON file is directly modified to manually specify the relationships between the various step to facilitate—selection bindings between steps of different EdgeMarts, unidirectional selection binding and selection binding for a static step. In some implementations, all parts of a step can include a selection binding to the results of a prior query. In an aggregate query, the fields that can be included in a selection binding include group, measure, filters, sort and limit.

In other implementations, the results binding is used to filter a step using the values resulting from another step across multiple EdgeMarts. In one example, results binding enables filtering of opportunities by top-selling products, as shown in the code below:

step_all_salesreps: type: “aggregate” em: “opp” query: groups: [“Owner-Name”] filters: [ [“StageName”, [“5 - Closed-Won”]] [“Products”, “{{ results(step_top5_products) }}”] ] measures: [ [“sum”, “Amount”] ]

If a step is constrained by a particular set of filters, filter binding can be used to constrain another step by the same filter values, according to some other implementations. In one implementation, filter binding is applied on steps that reference different EdgeMarts. The following step is constrained by a CloseDate Year of 2014, according to the following code:

step_owner_by_role: type: “aggregate” em: “opp” query: groups: [“Owner-UserRole-Name”, “CloseDate Year”] filters: [ [“CloseDate Year”, [“2014”]] ] measures: [ [“sum”, “Amount”] ]

To constrain subsequent steps by the same filter dimension and values, the appropriate dimension, step, and dimension name can be referenced within filters as follows:

step_quota_filtered_by_role: type: “aggregate” em: “quota” query: filters: [ [“Closed Year”, “{{ filter(step_opp_owner_role, ‘CloseDate Year’) }}”]

In one implementation, bindings are calculated for all the steps using the following code:

_computeBindings: −> for name, step of @_stepsByName if step.multiBindings bindings = @_inferBindings step, @_stepNames, @ctx.ns step.multiBindings.bind bindings

In another implementation, if a binding originates from a step that accumulates event parameters, then previously fired bound events are injected into the multi-binding as follows:

for eventName of bindings eventParts = eclair.utils.getEventParts eventName bindingStep = if eventParts.name is ‘runtime’ @ else @_stepsByName[eventParts.name]

In yet another implementation, a “RuntimeEventDispatcher” saves event parameters, which reinject the value into the step as follows:

if bindingStep instanceof RuntimeEventDispatcher value = bindingStep.argsForEvent eventParts.type value = value[0] if _.isArray value step.multiBindings.params[eventParts.name + “:” + eventParts.type] = value

Given a step and hashmap of stepNames, the necessary bindings are inferred and the hashmap are returned using the following code:

_inferBindings: (step, stepNames, ns) −> # dry run to get the input types bindingsArray = [“runtime:start”] if step.query bindingCtx = results: (step) −> bindings Array.push “#{step}:#{RuntimeEngine.STEP_EVENT_RESULTS}” filter: (step) −> bindingsArray.push “#{step}:#{RuntimeEngine.STEP_EVENT_BINDINGS_D ONE}” selection: (step) −> bindingsArray.push “#{step}:#{RuntimeEngine.STEP_EVENT_SELECTION} ” facet_selection: (step) −> bindingsArray.push “#{step}:#{RuntimeEngine.STEP_EVENT_SELECTION} ” value: −> # this doesn’t affect the bindings single_quote: −> # this doesn’t affect the bindings sum: (step) −> bindingsArray.push “#{step}:#{RuntimeEngine.STEP_EVENT_RESULTS}” min: (step) −> bindingsArray.push “#{step}:#{RuntimeEngine.STEP_EVENT_RESULTS}” max: (step) −> bindingsArray.push “#{step}:#{RuntimeEngine.STEP_EVENT_RESULTS}” bindingCtx = Klass.extend(bindingCtx, stepNames)

At run time, a step is determined for a particular widget based on the corresponding binding configuration. In one implementation, this is achieved by using the following code:

# get step used for widget step = if params.step then @_getStep params.step else null if step params.selectMode = step.selectMode

Once the step is determined, the corresponding widget is loaded into the dashboard using the following switch statement, according to one implementation:

widget = switch type when “NumberWidget” then new runtime.widgets.NumberWidget args when “ValuesTable” then new runtime.widgets.ValuesTable args when “CompareTable” then new runtime.widgets.CompareTable args when “ChartWidget” then new runtime.widgets.ChartWidget args when “PillBox” then new runtime.widgets.PillBox args when “BoxWidget” then new runtime.widgets.BoxWidget args when “TextWidget” then new runtime.widgets.TextWidget args when “ActionButton” then new runtime.widgets.ActionButton args when “ListSelector”, “RangeSelector”, “DateSelector”, “GlobalFiltersWidget”, “LinkWidget”, “YoutubeWidget” @renderReactComponent type, args, pos when “Card” cardName = params.card cardTemplate = @_getCardTemplate cardName new runtime.widgets.CardWidget {name, params, cardTemplate, parentRuntime: @} else @_throwError(LC.getLabel “ErrorMsg”, “invalidWidgetType”, type)

In other implementations, the visualization of the dashboard, such as assignment of colors to different dimension values; nesting of the results as groups with corresponding current coding; and visualization effects such as a “waterfall” effect representing transformation of one widget type to another can be achieved by using the following code:

# map of dim values which need to be colored (the key is the dim value, the value is true) colorDimValuesMap = { } # nest the results using group, and optional color, dimensions rowKeyFct = utils.keyFct(groups) groups = utils.nest(results, [ rowKeyFct, utils.keyFct([ colorDim ]) ]) # waterfall effect isWaterfall = @type is “waterfall” Morphine Examples

Analysis of data can include filtering, regrouping, and choosing and adding visualization lenses. FIG. 3 shows query results for a count of opportunities by fiscal year 320 for an example analytic data structure—an opportunity EdgeMart 150. In this context, an opportunity refers to an opportunity to win a sale, as shown in pie chart 340. Note that dates in the following examples extend to 2016 to cover dates that opportunities are expected to close.

Regrouping Example: Pie Chart to Three Pie Charts

An analyst may regroup the view shown in pie chart 340 to view opportunities by region, as well as fiscal year. FIG. 4 shows the data from pie chart 340—as segments begin to regroup to show a count of opportunities by region, coded by fiscal year 420. An animated projection of segments morphs the display panel from a first appearance as a single pie chart of count opportunities for all regions displayed by fiscal year, to a second appearance that filters and regroups the count of opportunities for each of three regions.

FIG. 5A through FIG. 5L show transitional panels in an animation progression for segments of pie chart 340. For example, the analyst can follow the year 2012 opportunity data segment 330 in FIG. 5B through FIG. 5L. As part of the animation progression, opportunity data segment 330 subdivides and regroups, morphing to segments for Asia Pacific 440, Europe 450 and United States 460—representing the opportunities for the year 2012 for each of the 3 respective regions. Similarly, the analyst can follow the animation progression for any of the fiscal years represented in the pie chart 340. In FIG. 5L we see opportunity counts for Asia Pacific 440, Europe 450 and the United States 460, with data counts coded by fiscal year in three separate pie charts.

Visualization Lens Change Example: Bar Chart to Three Pie Charts

The morphing engine 250 can also implement data visualization lens changes. For example, a data analyst may want to present opportunity data by region by fiscal year for a team meeting, using different visualization options. FIG. 6A shows a single bar chart that represents a count of opportunities by region by fiscal year. An analyst may choose to present this data as a series of three pie charts: one for each region, by fiscal year.

FIG. 6A through FIG. 6N show animation projections for the morphing action, from an initial appearance through an animation sequence to a second appearance. Animating the projection of segments of a bar chart into sub-arcs of three pie charts, the segments curve and reposition during the animation, for the regional data by fiscal year. The analyst can follow the animation progression for any of the fiscal years represented in the pie chart 340. For example, in FIG. 6A through FIG. 6N, the 2012 opportunity counts for Asia Pacific 620, Europe 640, and United States 660 are tagged. The analyst can also review sales histories for the different regions over time, considering the fiscal year details of the regional data.

Dashboard Animation

Analysts can use a live dashboard to review sales data. For example, FIG. 7A shows a sales rep at-a-glance dashboard that includes a graph of amount received in dollars by close date (year-quarter) 710 along with 3 pie charts that show the breakdown by product chart 740, region chart 744 and account name chart 748. To drill down and learn more, an analyst can add a visualization lens for sums won and sums lost as a function of the close date 718. FIG. 7B shows the sales rep at-a-glance dashboard with this new visualization lens for sums won and sums lost as a function of the close date 718 added—a plot of the amount received in dollars, filtered by opportunities lost 738 and opportunities won (sales) 728. The analyst benefits from seeing that the story being told is well represented in graphs of actual data, immediately upon adding the new graph panel to the dashboard. Mistakes in panel configuration and size issues with visualization are immediately apparent.

Dashboard Widget and Query Step Examples

In a disclosed implementation of a dashboard shown in FIG. 7C, sales rep at-a-glance, steps and widgets describe visualization lenses. Examples of widget and step code for various widget types are included next. For example, code for the widget for the Won-Amount 720 display panel shown in FIG. 7C:

number_sum_amount:

type: “NumberWidget” pos: x: 10 y: 240 params: step: “step_selected_salesreps” title: “Won - Amount (USD)” measureField: “sum_Amount”

For some implementations of the Won-Amount 720 display panel shown in FIG. 7C, the step_selected_salesreps step is associated with the number widget described above. Example JSON code for the step_selected_salesreps step:

Closed - Won step_selected_salesreps : type: “aggregate” em: “opp” query: filters: [ [“StageName”, [“5 - Closed-Won”]] ] measures: [ [“sum”, “Amount”], [“avg”, “Open Duration”] ] extra: chartType: “hbar” isFacet: true useGlobal: true

As another widget and step example, a graph of sums won and sums lost as a function of the close date 718 can be implemented using JSON code for a list selector type widget:

sel_regions: type: “ListSelector” pos: x: 600 y: 10 params: expanded: false title: “region selector” step: “step_all_regions” instant: true multiSelect: false measureField: “sum_Amount”

Example JSON code for the closed-won step associated with the list selector widget for the visualization lens that renders sums won and sums lost as a function of the close date 718 is listed below.

# win loss step_win_loss: type: “aggregate” em: “opp” query: groups: [[“CloseDate_Year”, “CloseDate_Quarter”], “StageName”] filters: [ [“StageName”, [“5 - Closed-Won”, “5 - Closed- Lost”]] ] measures: [ [“sum”, “Amount”] ] extra: chartType: “time” isFacet: true useGlobal: true

A region chart 744 can be implemented using the chart widget, pie_regions, shown below.

pie_regions: type: “ChartWidget” pos: x: 640 y: 490 w: 320 h: 200 params: step: “step_all_regions” chartType: “pie” legend: true

Example JSON code for selecting all regions of a graph, using a region query step for the chart widget:

# region selector step_all_regions: type: “aggregate” em: “opp” query: groups: [“Region”] measures: [ [“sum”, “Amount”] ] order: [ [−1, ascending: false] ] extra: chartType: “pie” selectMode: “single” isFacet: true useGlobal: true

Example code for a selector widget for selecting a region on the dashboard such as the Asia Pacific segment 742 of the region chart 744 is listed below.

sel_amount_expanded: type: “RangeSelector” pos: x: 10 y: 70 params: title: “Amount” step: “step_all_amounts_expanded” instant: true

Example JSON code for the region selector step for selecting a region such as the Asia Pacific segment 742 of the region chart 744:

# amount selector step_all_amounts_expanded: type: “aggregate” em: “opp” query: measures: [ [“sum”, “Amount”] ] isFacet: true useGlobal: true

In example JSON code, a range selector widget can specify a change amount. For example, a sel_amount_expanded widget is attached to the amount selector step.

sel_amount_expanded: type: “RangeSelector” pos: x: 10 y: 70 params: title: “Amount” step: “step_all_amounts_expanded” instant: true

In the example JSON code, an amount selector query step works in conjunction with a range selector widget:

# amount selector step_all_amounts_expanded: type: “aggregate” em: “opp” query: measures: [ [“sum”, “Amount”] ] isFacet: true useGlobal: true Dashboard Morphine Example

To understand more about sales opportunities during the selected group of fiscal years, the analyst reviews the dashboard. If the analyst-developer wants to drill into a specific region, they can select a segment—for example the Asia Pacific segment 742 of the region chart 744. Then, the product chart 740 and account name chart 748 update without user action—without the user needing to shift from a develop or edit mode into a display mode. For example, the Won amount 720 in FIG. 7C shows the amount for the Asia Pacific region: $7,187,967, instead of the total amount won for all regions shown in FIG. 7B: $26,493,602. When the analyst selects the panel segment, the change also gets applied to the graph of amount received in dollars by close date (year-quarter) 710 and the opportunities won (sales) 728 and opportunities lost 738 as a function of the sums won and sums lost as a function of the close date 718. Examples of additional options for drill down for a region include but are not limited to owner name, owner region, owner user role, product, and stage name.

FIG. 7D through 7M show the animation results for a second query based on the selected Asia Pacific segment 742. The display visualizations morph from an initial appearance through an animation sequence to a second appearance that corresponds to the results of the second query. That is, the selected Asia Pacific segment 742 pops out slightly on the region chart 744, initiates a regrouping control signal and responsively, the system generates a second query based on the selected regrouping, subdividing segments of the product chart 740 and the account name chart 748 to correspond to results of the second query. The segments morph from an initial appearance through an animation sequence to a second appearance that corresponds to the results of the second query.

System Flow

FIG. 8 shows an overview of the flow for implementing animated informational morphing replay for live data rendering on a live dashboard, with flexible display options. Back-end systems and methods transform EdgeMarts: flattening hierarchical data, joining data from related EdgeMarts, and increasing query performance on specific data 810. Transformed data gets loaded into an EdgeMart database and the EdgeMart gets registered 820 to make it available for queries.

From a front end perspective, Explorer EQL queries run against the EdgeMart data and the data results are rendered in lenses 830. Analyst-developers can then run Builder queries and build and run dashboards based on the data 840.

Flowchart for Visual Data Analysis with Animated Information Morphine Replay

FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of one implementation 900 of visual data analysis with animated informational morphing replay. Flowchart 900 can be implemented at least partially with a database system, e.g., by one or more processors configured to receive or retrieve information, process the information, store results, and transmit the results. For convenience, this flowchart is described with reference to the system that carries out a method. The system is not necessarily part of the method. Other implementations may perform the steps in different orders and/or with different, fewer or additional steps than the ones illustrated in FIG. 9. The actions described below can be subdivided into more steps or combined into fewer steps to carry out the method described using a different number or arrangement of steps.

At action 910, the disclosed apparatus receives a query against an analytic data structure with a first grouping and returns results of the query in data that represents a first chart or graph. At action 920, the apparatus receives a segment selection filter signal and a regrouping control signal and responsively generates a second query based on the selected segment and regrouping, subdivides the selected segment to correspond to results of the second query; and morphs the selected segment from an initial appearance through a first animation sequence to a second appearance that corresponds to the results of the second query, and returns data that represents the first animation sequence.

At action 930, the disclosed apparatus receives a regrouping control signal and responsively generates a third query based on the selected regrouping; subdivides segments of the first chart or graph to correspond to results of the third query; morphs the segments from an initial appearance through a second animation sequence to a third appearance that corresponds to the results of the second query; and returns data that represents the second animation sequence.

At action 940, the disclosed apparatus records the received control signals and the queries to rerun against the analytic data structure; and responsive to a replay request signal, replays the received control signals and the queries and with the animated morphing and returns data that represents the animation sequences.

Flowchart for Declarative Specification of Queries, Formats and Bindings

FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of one method 1000 of representing queries, widgets, bindings and facets combined in panels on a dashboard. Flowchart 1000 can be implemented at least partially with a database system, e.g., by one or more processors configured to receive or retrieve information, process the information, store results, and transmit the results. For convenience, this flowchart is described with reference to the system that carries out a method. The system is not necessarily part of the method. Other implementations may perform the steps in different orders and/or with different, fewer or additional steps than the ones illustrated in FIG. 10. The actions described below can be subdivided into more steps or combined into fewer steps to carry out the method described using a different number or arrangement of steps.

At action 1010, a method includes representing interaction among queries, widgets, bindings and facet property settings to generate multiple panels of a dashboard in a declarative form. At action 1020, the method includes generating a dashboard that includes multiple panels from a declarative representation of queries, widgets, bindings and facets. At action 1030, the method includes accessing one or more configuration files that represent interaction among queries, widgets, bindings and facet property settings to generate multiple panels of a dashboard. At action 1040, the method includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify queries, wherein each query specifies a value or range of values of at least one dimension and, when processed, returns a data set that includes at least one dimension and at least one measure. At action 1050, the method includes providing a plurality of visualization widgets. At action 1060, the method includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify panels, wherein each panel declares a binding that links an associated visualization widget to an associated query. At action 1070, the method includes generating data representing a dashboard and the panels based at least in part on the configuration files.

Flowchart for Dashboard Builder with Live Data Updating

FIG. 11 illustrates a flowchart of one method 1100 of implementing a dashboard builder with live data updating without exiting an edit mode. Flowchart 1100 can be implemented at least partially with a database system, e.g., by one or more processors configured to receive or retrieve information, process the information, store results, and transmit the results. For convenience, this flowchart is described with reference to the system that carries out a method. The system is not necessarily part of the method. Other implementations may perform the steps in different orders and/or with different, fewer or additional steps than the ones illustrated in FIG. 11. The actions described below can be subdivided into more steps or combined into fewer steps to carry out the method described using a different number or arrangement of steps.

At action 1110, the method includes creating and editing a dashboard that has a plurality of first panels. At action 1120, the method includes receiving a selection of a second panel to adding to the dashboard, in a dashboard editing mode. At action 1130, the method includes applying a facet property of the second panel that links selection of data visually displayed in the second panel to the filter control signals of the first panels and the selection controls of the dashboard. At action 1140, the method includes immediately populating the second panel using results of the faceted data selection without requiring a user to exit the dashboard editing mode. At action 1150, the method includes receiving a signal that indicates completion of a dashboard editing action; responsively rerunning one or more queries for data underlying the first panels and the second panel; and updating the charts or graphs in the first and second panels. Particular implementations of apparatus and methods for visual data analysis with animated informational morphing replay that provides live data rendering on a live dashboard, with flexible display options for analyzing data and conveying analysis results, are described in the following section.

Computer System

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an example computer system 1200 with an apparatus and methods for visual data analysis with animated informational morphing replay that provides live data rendering on a live dashboard, with flexible display options for analyzing data and conveying analysis results. Computer system 1210 typically includes at least one processor 1272 that communicates with a number of peripheral devices via bus subsystem 1250. These peripheral devices can include a storage subsystem 1226 including, for example, memory devices and a file storage subsystem 1236, user interface input devices 1238, user interface output devices 1278, and a network interface subsystem 1276. The input and output devices allow user interaction with computer system 1210. Network interface subsystem 1276 provides an interface to outside networks, including an interface to corresponding interface devices in other computer systems.

User interface input devices 1238 can include a keyboard; pointing devices such as a mouse, trackball, touchpad, or graphics tablet; a scanner; a touch screen incorporated into the display; audio input devices such as voice recognition systems and microphones; and other types of input devices. In general, use of the term “input device” is intended to include possible types of devices and ways to input information into computer system 1210.

User interface output devices 1278 can include a display subsystem, a printer, a fax machine, or non-visual displays such as audio output devices. The display subsystem can include a cathode ray tube (CRT), a flat-panel device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a projection device, or some other mechanism for creating a visible image. The display subsystem can also provide a non-visual display such as audio output devices. In general, use of the term “output device” is intended to include all possible types of devices and ways to output information from computer system 1210 to the user or to another machine or computer system.

Storage subsystem 1226 stores programming and data constructs that provide the functionality of some or all of the modules and methods described herein. These software modules are generally executed by one processor 1272 or in combination with other processors.

Memory 1222 used in the storage subsystem can include a number of memories including a main random access memory (RAM) 1234 for storage of instructions and data during program execution and a read only memory (ROM) 1232 in which fixed instructions are stored. A file storage subsystem 1236 can provide persistent storage for program and data files, and can include a hard disk drive, a floppy disk drive along with associated removable media, a CD-ROM drive, an optical drive, or removable media cartridges. The modules implementing the functionality of certain implementations can be stored by file storage subsystem 1236 in the storage subsystem 1224, or in other machines accessible by the processor.

Bus subsystem 1250 provides a mechanism for letting the various components and subsystems of computer system 1210 communicate as intended. Although bus subsystem 1250 is shown schematically as a single bus, alternative implementations of the bus subsystem can use multiple busses. Application server 1220 can be a framework that allows the applications of computer system 1210 to run, such as the hardware and/or software, e.g., the operating system.

Computer system 1210 can be of varying types including a workstation, server, computing cluster, blade server, server farm, or any other data processing system or computing device. Due to the ever-changing nature of computers and networks, the description of computer system 1210 depicted in FIG. 12 is intended only as one example. Many other configurations of computer system 1210 are possible having more or fewer components than the computer system depicted in FIG. 12.

In some implementations, network(s) can be any one or any combination of Local Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), WiMAX, Wi-Fi, telephone network, wireless network, point-to-point network, star network, token ring network, hub network, mesh network, peer-to-peer connections like Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), Z-Wave, ZigBee, or other appropriate configuration of data networks, including the Internet.

Particular Implementations

In one implementation, an apparatus is described to analyze data and convey analysis results. The apparatus comprises a computer that includes a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. In addition, the memory includes computer program instructions causing the computer to implement a process. The process includes, receiving a query against an analytic data structure with a first grouping and returning results of the query in data that represents a first chart or graph. The segments of the first chart or graph are filter controls that trigger generation of a second query upon selection. In addition, controls accompanying the first chart or graph implement filtering, regrouping, and selection of a second chart or graph of a different visual organization than the first chart or graph. The process further includes receiving a segment selection filter signal and a regrouping control signal and responsively, generating a second query based on the selected segment and regrouping, subdividing the selected segment to correspond to results of the second query, and morphing the selected segment from an initial appearance through a first animation sequence to a second appearance that corresponds to the results of the second query, returning data that represents the first animation sequence, and receiving a regrouping control signal to responsively generate a third query based on the selected regrouping, subdivide segments of the first chart or graph to correspond to results of the third query, morph the segments from an initial appearance through a second animation sequence to a third appearance that corresponds to the results of the second query, and return data that represents the second animation sequence.

This method and other implementations of the technology disclosed can include one or more of the following features and/or features described in connection with additional methods disclosed. In the interest of conciseness, the combinations of features disclosed in this application are not individually enumerated and are not repeated with each base set of features. The reader will understand how features identified in this section can readily be combined with sets of base features identified as implementations such as architecture environment, morphing and replay, dashboard object implementation, morphing examples, system flow, etc.

In addition, the analytic data structure is a read only data structure. The apparatus further includes computer program instructions that cause the computer to implement a process. The process includes recording the received control signals and the queries to rerun against the analytic data structure, responsive to a replay request signal, replaying the received control signals and the queries and with the animated morphing, and returning data that represents the animation sequences.

The apparatus further includes computer program instructions that cause the computer to implement a process. The process includes receiving a sorting control signal and responsively morphing the first chart or graph from an initial appearance in a first sort order through a third animation sequence to a further appearance in a second sort order that corresponds to the sorting control signal, and returning data that represents the third animation sequence.

The apparatus further includes computer program instructions that cause the computer to implement a process. The process includes receiving a sorting control signal, receiving a second chart or graph visual organization signal, responsively morphing the first chart or graph from an initial appearance in a first sort order through a third animation sequence to a further appearance that corresponds to the second chart or graph visual organization and in a second sort order that corresponds to the sorting control signal, and returning data that represents the third animation sequence.

Other implementations may include a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions executable by a processor to perform any of the processes described above. Yet another implementation may include a system including memory and one or more processors operable to execute instructions, stored in the memory, to perform any of the processes described above.

In one implementation, a method of representing queries, widgets, bindings and facets combined in panels on a dashboard is described. The method includes representing interaction among queries, widgets, bindings and facet property settings to generate multiple panels of a dashboard in a declarative form. Each query specifies a value or range of values of at least one dimension and, when processed, returns a data set that includes at least one dimension and at least one measure. The dimension is supplied to a visualization widget as an independent variable and a function of the measure is supplied to the visualization widget as a dependent variable. A visualization widget, when invoked, accepts as input at least one dimension and at least one measure returned in the data set, generates a specified chart or graph from the dimension and the measure, provides object positions of segments in the specified chart or graph to a tweener to use as ending positions when the tweener is invoked to generate a second view from a first view, and provides the object positions to the tweener to use as starting positions when the tweener is invoked to generate a third view from the second view. Each panel declares a binding that links an associated visualization widget to an associated query. Each panel declares the specified chart or table data visualization into which the data set returned by the associated query will be rendered by the associated visualization widget. The facet property of the panels in the dashboard, when set, links operation of data filtering controls among the panels. The selection of a data filter control in one panel causes the selected data filer to be applied to additional panels that have the facet property set.

This method and other implementations of the technology disclosed can include one or more of the following features and/or features described in connection with additional methods disclosed. In the interest of conciseness, the combinations of features disclosed in this application are not individually enumerated and are not repeated with each base set of features. The reader will understand how features identified in this section can readily be combined with sets of base features identified as implementations such as architecture environment, morphing and replay, dashboard object implementation, morphing examples, system flow, etc.

In addition, the analytic data structure is a read only data structure. The apparatus further includes computer program instructions that cause the computer to implement a process. The process includes recording the received control signals and the queries to rerun against the analytic data structure, responsive to a replay request signal, replaying the received control signals and the queries and with the animated morphing, and returning data that represents the animation sequences.

In one implementation, the declarative form of representing the interaction to generate multiple panels of the dashboard is compliant with JSON (JavaScript Object Notation). In one implementation, each panel declares a visualization widget type selected from a group that includes at least one of donut chart, time chart, horizontal bar chart, stacked horizontal bar chart, and scatter plot.

In some implementations, the dashboard further includes a plurality of control widgets, each control widget is declared to have a control widget type selected from a group that includes at least list selector, range selector and date selector types, each control widget selects a value or range of values of at least one associated dimension that is used to generate a query, and execution of the query generated from the control widget is linked to updating data in the panels that have the facet property set.

In some implementations, the dashboard further includes a plurality of control widgets, each control widget selects a value or range of values of at least one associated dimension that is used to generate a query, and execution of the query generated from the control widget is linked to updating data in the panels that have the facet property set. In one implementation, at least some of the panels are declared by six to ten key-value property pairs.

Other implementations may include a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions executable by a processor to perform any of the methods described above. Yet another implementation may include a system including memory and one or more processors operable to execute instructions, stored in the memory, to perform any of the methods described above.

In another implementation, a method of generating a dashboard that includes multiple panels from a declarative representation of queries, widgets, bindings and facets is described. The method includes accessing one or more configuration files that represent interaction among queries, widgets, bindings and facet property settings to generate multiple panels of a dashboard and parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify queries. Each query specifies a value or range of values of at least one dimension and, when processed, returns a data set that includes at least one dimension and at least one measure. The method further includes providing a plurality of visualization widgets, wherein each visualization widget, when invoked, accepts as input the dimension returned in the data set as an independent variable and the measure as a dependent variable. Each visualization widget further generates a specified chart or graph from the dimension and the measure, provides object positions of segments in the specified chart or graph to a tweener to use as ending positions when the tweener is invoked to generate a second view from a first view, provides the object positions to the tweener to use as starting positions when the tweener is invoked to generate a third view from the second view. The method further includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify panels, wherein each panel declares a binding that links an associated visualization widget to an associated query. Each panel declares the specified chart or table data visualization into which the data set returned by the associated query will be rendered by the associated visualization widget. At least some of the panels set the facet property. The facet property links operation of data filtering controls among the panels. Selection of a data filter control in one panel causes the selected data filer to be applied to additional panels that have the facet property set. The method further includes generating data representing a dashboard and the panels based at least in part on the configuration files.

This method and other implementations of the technology disclosed can include one or more of the following features and/or features described in connection with additional methods disclosed. In the interest of conciseness, the combinations of features disclosed in this application are not individually enumerated and are not repeated with each base set of features. The reader will understand how features identified in this section can readily be combined with sets of base features identified as implementations such as architecture environment, morphing and replay, dashboard object implementation, morphing examples, system flow, etc.

In one implementation, a declarative form of representing the interaction to generate multiple panels of the dashboard in the configuration files is compliant with JSON (JavaScript Object Notation). In another implementation, each panel declares a visualization widget type selected from a group that includes at least one of donut chart, time chart, horizontal bar chart, stacked horizontal bar chart, and scatter plot.

In some implementations, the method further includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify control widgets. In one implementation, each control widget is declared to have a control widget type selected from a group that includes at least list selector, range selector and date selector types, each control widget selects a value or range of values of at least one associated dimension that is used to generate a query, and execution of the query generated from the control widget is linked to updating data in the panels that have the facet property set.

In other implementations, the method further includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify control widgets. In one implementation, each control widget selects a value or range of values of at least one associated dimension that is used to generate a query and execution of the query generated from the control widget is linked to updating data in the panels that have the facet property set. In one other implementation, at least some of the panels are declared by six to ten key-value property pairs.

Other implementations may include a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions executable by a processor to perform any of the methods described above. Yet another implementation may include a system including memory and one or more processors operable to execute instructions, stored in the memory, to perform any of the methods described above.

In one implementation, a method of creating and editing of a dashboard that has a plurality of first panels. The method includes receiving a selection of a second panel to add to the dashboard in a dashboard editing mode. In one implementation, the dashboard includes a plurality of faceted first panels, the faceted first panels present data visually in a chart or graph, and the faceted first panels share signals from filtering controls in the first panels and selection controls of the dashboard outside the first panels. The method further includes applying a facet property of the second panel that links selection of data visually displayed in the second panel to the filter control signals of the first panels and the selection controls of the dashboard and immediately populating the second panel using results of the faceted data selection without requiring a user to exit the dashboard editing mode.

This method and other implementations of the technology disclosed can include one or more of the following features and/or features described in connection with additional methods disclosed. In the interest of conciseness, the combinations of features disclosed in this application are not individually enumerated and are not repeated with each base set of features. The reader will understand how features identified in this section can readily be combined with sets of base features identified as implementations such as architecture environment, morphing and replay, dashboard object implementation, morphing examples, system flow, etc.

The method further includes receiving a specification of an visualization widget to generate the second panel. In one implementation, the visualization widget, when invoked, accepts as input at least one dimension and at least one measure in the data set. The dimension is supplied to a visualization widget as an independent variable and a function of the measure is supplied to the visualization widget as a dependent variable. The visualization widget further generates a specified chart or graph from the dimension and measure.

The visualization widget of the second panel further includes faceted filter controls backing data segments that, when selected, apply the selected filter to the second panel and to first panels, according to one implementation of the method. The method further includes receiving a selection signal from the second panel faceted filter controls and updating the first panels using results of the faceted filter selection without requiring the user to exit the dashboard editing mode.

The method further includes receiving a signal that indicates completion of a dashboard editing action, responsively rerunning one or more queries for data underlying the first panels and the second panel, and updating the charts or graphs in the first and second panels. In one implementation, the signal that indicates completion of a dashboard editing action is a mouse click on a grouping selection control. In another implementation, the signal includes release of a rubber banding action that visually selects a data subset in a graph of one of the first or second panel.

Other implementations may include a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions executable by a processor to perform any of the methods described above. Yet another implementation may include a system including memory and one or more processors operable to execute instructions, stored in the memory, to perform any of the methods described above.

While the technology disclosed is disclosed by reference to the preferred embodiments and examples detailed above, it is to be understood that these examples are intended in an illustrative rather than in a limiting sense. It is contemplated that modifications and combinations will readily occur to those skilled in the art, which modifications and combinations will be within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the following claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of generating a dashboard that includes multiple panels from a declarative representation of queries, widgets, bindings and facets, the method including: accessing one or more configuration files that represent interaction among queries, widgets, bindings and facet property settings to generate multiple panels of a dashboard; parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify queries, wherein each query specifies a value or range of values of at least one dimension and, when processed, returns a data set that includes at least one dimension and at least one measure; providing a plurality of visualization widgets, wherein each visualization widget, when invoked on a computer including a processor, accepts as input the dimension returned in the data set as an independent variable and the measure as a dependent variable; generates a specified chart or graph from the dimension and the measure to form a first view of segments in the specified chart or graph, each segment of the segments having a starting position in the first view and each segment in the specified chart or graph illustrating a first measurement of data from the data set with respect to a first particular constraint; invokes a tweener to morph each of the segments to second view from the first view by morphing each of the segments from the starting position in the first view to multiple intermediate positions and then to an ending position in the second view, each segment in the second view of the specified chart or graph illustrating a second measurement of data from the data set with respect to a second particular constraint; and invokes the tweener to morph to a third view from the second view by morphing each of the segments from the ending position in the second view to multiple intermediate positions and then to an ending position in the third view; parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify panels, wherein each panel declares a binding that links an associated visualization widget to an associated query; wherein each panel declares the specified chart or graph into which the data set returned by the associated query will be rendered by the associated visualization widget; and wherein at least some of the panels set the facet property, wherein the facet property links operation of data filtering controls among the panels, whereby selection of a data filter control in one panel causes the selected data filter to be applied to additional panels that have the facet property set; and generating data representing a dashboard and the panels based at least in part on the configuration files.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a declarative form of representing the interaction to generate multiple panels of the dashboard in the configuration files is compliant with JSON (JavaScript Object Notation).
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein each panel declares a visualization widget type selected from a group that includes at least one of donut chart, time chart, horizontal bar chart, stacked horizontal bar chart, and scatter plot.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method further includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify control widgets; each control widget is declared to have a control widget type selected from a group that includes at least list selector, range selector and date selector types; each control widget selects a value or range of values of at least one associated dimension that is used to generate a query; and execution of the query generated from the control widget is linked to updating data in the panels that have the facet property set.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method further includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify control widgets; each control widget selects a value or range of values of at least one associated dimension that is used to generate a query; and execution of the query generated from the control widget is linked to updating data in the panels that have the facet property set.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein at least some of the panels are declared by six to ten key-value property pairs.
 7. An apparatus for generating a dashboard that includes multiple panels from a declarative representation of queries, widgets, bindings and facets, the apparatus including: a computer including a processor; a memory coupled to the processor, wherein the memory includes computer program instructions causing the computer to implement a process including: accessing one or more configuration files that represent interaction among queries, widgets, bindings and facet property settings to generate multiple panels of a dashboard; parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify queries, wherein each query specifies a value or range of values of at least one dimension and, when processed, returns a data set that includes at least one dimension and at least one measure; providing a plurality of visualization widgets, wherein each visualization widget, when invoked, accepts as input the dimension returned in the data set as an independent variable and the measure as a dependent variable; generates a specified chart or graph from the dimension and the measure to form a first view of segments in the specified chart or graph, each segment of the segments having a starting position in the first view and each segment in the specified chart or graph illustrating a first measurement of data from the data set with respect to a first particular constraint; invokes a tweener to morph each of the segments to a second view from the first view by morphing each of the segments from the starting position in the first view to multiple intermediate positions and then to an ending position in the second view, each segment in the second view of the specified chart or graph illustrating a second measurement of data from the data set with respect to a second particular constraint; and invokes the tweener to morph to a third view from the second view by morphing each of the segments from the ending position in the second view to multiple intermediate positions and then to an ending position in the third view; parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify panels, wherein each panel declares a binding that links an associated visualization widget to an associated query; wherein each panel declares the specified chart or graph into which the data set returned by the associated query will be rendered by the associated visualization widget; and wherein at least some of the panels set the facet property, wherein the facet property links operation of data filtering controls among the panels, whereby selection of a data filter control in one panel causes the selected data filter to be applied to additional panels that have the facet property set; and generating data representing a dashboard and the panels based at least in part on the configuration files.
 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein a declarative form of representing the interaction to generate multiple panels of the dashboard in the configuration files is compliant with JSON (Java Script Object Notation).
 9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein each panel declares a visualization widget type selected from a group that includes at least one of donut chart, time chart, horizontal bar chart, stacked horizontal bar chart, and scatter plot.
 10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the process further includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify control widgets; each control widget is declared to have a control widget type selected from a group that includes at least list selector, range selector and date selector types; each control widget selects a value or range of values of at least one associated dimension that is used to generate a query; and execution of the query generated from the control widget is linked to updating data in the panels that have the facet property set.
 11. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the process further includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify control widgets; each control widget selects a value or range of values of at least one associated dimension that is used to generate a query; and execution of the query generated from the control widget is linked to updating data in the panels that have the facet property set.
 12. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium including computer program instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to implement a method including: accessing one or more configuration files that represent interaction among queries, widgets, bindings and facet property settings to generate multiple panels of a dashboard; parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify queries, wherein each query specifies a value or range of values of at least one dimension and, when processed, returns a data set that includes at least one dimension and at least one measure; providing a plurality of visualization widgets, wherein each visualization widget, when invoked, accepts as input the dimension returned in the data set as an independent variable and the measure as a dependent variable; generates a specified chart or graph from the dimension and the measure to form a first view of segments in the specified chart or graph, each segment of the segments having a starting position in the first view and each segment in the specified chart or graph illustrating a first measurement of data from the data set with respect to a first particular constraint; invokes a tweener to morph each of the segments to a second view from the first view by morphing each of the segments from the starting position in the first view to multiple intermediate positions and then to an ending position in the second view, each segment in the second view of the specified chart or graph illustrating a second measurement of data from the data set with respect to a second particular constraint; and invokes the tweener to morph to a third view from the second view by morphing each of the segments from the ending position in the second view to multiple intermediate positions and then to an ending position in the third view; parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify panels, wherein each panel declares a binding that links an associated visualization widget to an associated query; wherein each panel declares the specified chart or table data visualization into which the data set returned by the associated query will be rendered by the associated visualization widget; and wherein at least some of the panels set the facet property, wherein the facet property links operation of data filtering controls among the panels, whereby selection of a data filter control in one panel causes the selected data filter to be applied to additional panels that have the facet property set; and generating data representing a dashboard and the panels based at least in part on the configuration files.
 13. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium of claim 12, wherein a declarative form of representing the interaction to generate multiple panels of the dashboard in the configuration files is compliant with JSON (JavaScript Object Notation).
 14. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium of claim 12, wherein each panel declares a visualization widget type selected from a group that includes at least one of donut chart, time chart, horizontal bar chart, stacked horizontal bar chart, and scatter plot.
 15. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium of claim 12, wherein: the method further includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify control widgets; each control widget is declared to have a control widget type selected from a group that includes at least list selector, range selector and date selector types; each control widget selects a value or range of values of at least one associated dimension that is used to generate a query; and execution of the query generated from the control widget is linked to updating data in the panels that have the facet property set.
 16. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium of claim 12, wherein: the method further includes parsing key-value properties in the configuration files to identify control widgets; each control widget selects a value or range of values of at least one associated dimension that is used to generate a query; and execution of the query generated from the control widget is linked to updating data in the panels that have the facet property set. 